May
1, 2002
Raymond
Knapp, Chair
Undergraduate
Council
Dear
Ray,
On behalf of the College Faculty
Executive Committee and the General Education Governance Committee, I am
transmitting to the Undergraduate Council the listings of General Education
courses, formally reviewed and certified by the three Foundation Workgroups, to
satisfy the newly established GE requirements.
As the final step in an intensive process of faculty review of courses
proposed and submitted by departments and interdepartmental programs, we request that the Undergraduate Council
approve the slates presented at your May 3, 2002 meeting, in order to implement
the College of Letters and Science General Education reform for the entering
freshman class of 2002-2003.
History of GE Faculty Review
On February 12, 2002, the Legislative Assembly
ratified the legislation voted upon by the faculty (12/5/01) to establish the College's new 10-course (48 unit) GE
curriculum, with three new Foundation areas:
Arts and Humanities, Society and Culture, and Scientific Inquiry. In order to insure implementation by Fall
2002, our three Committees (GE, FEC, and UgC) jointly appointed the Foundation
Workgroups and sent requests (1/17/02) to departments and interdepartmental
programs requesting submission of all GE courses, old and new, for
(re)certification (see attached). The
GE Governance Committee and L&S Faculty Executive Committee (1/16/02)
delegated authority for approving these courses (content, unit value, GE area
designation, and GE credit) to the Foundation Workgroups.
We applaud the efforts by all the hardworking,
amazingly diligent, and resilient faculty who participated in the Workgroups,
chaired so effectively by Professors Jean-Claude Carron, Otto Santa Ana, and
Raymond Ingersoll. As you know, the
Workgroups included seven FEC members (a quorum), representatives from the
Undergraduate Council and GE Governance, faculty representing the broad
spectrum of disciplinary and interdisciplinary fields, and students (graduate
and undergraduate) appointed by the Undergraduate Students Association Council
and the Graduate Student Association.
In addition, throughout the review process, Professors Robert Frank (UgC
Vice Chair), Ted Gamelin, and Christopher Stevens (the latter two as cochairs
of the UgC Curriculum Committee) have actively participated in Foundation group
discussions. Furthermore, the chairs
of GE, UgC, and FEC have been present to preserve from earlier deliberations
the institutional memory, to keep focus on the intended conceptual remodeling
of GE, and to interpret and resolve (as needed) matters of policy and
procedure.
Foundation Workgroup
Narratives and GE-Approved Course Listings
Appended here are three narrative reports that
detail the processes of deliberation undertaken by each Foundation Workgroup,
and how through the process of subgroup discussions (three readers usually) as
well as full reviews of complicated actions, each group was asked
·
to
determine how the course fulfilled its specified GE principles;
·
to
judge syllabi in relation to course descriptions and departmental
representations of its GE goals and lower-division curriculum commitments;
·
to
consider the students' need to know what is expected (grading, assignments,
laboratories, examinations) and what the course is about, as articulated in
sample syllabi;
·
to
determine applicability to a "sub-category" or multiple cross-cutting
categories;
·
to
assess whether the course included best practices in education; and
·
to
recommend approval of the requested unit revaluation, as justified in the
proposal.
All
courses on the currently submitted lists either received approval unanimously,
were revetted by the full committee (if there were questions), or have been
forwarded after appropriate reconsultation and departmental responses to
clarifying queries. Approval from the
Foundation groups signifies that they accept the courses as fulfilling the
appropriate GE designated subgroup, the content requirements, and the principles
of GE as applicable; that the unit value is warranted; and that each course
will give students an intellectual experience that is richly foundational. All
of these courses are certified as meeting GE standards according to criteria
elaborated by the Foundation group as detailed in their reports.
FEC Actions and Approvals
for GE Fulfillment
The GE Clusters (instituted in 1997) now provide a
year-long interdisciplinary experience for many incoming freshmen, and those
courses scheduled for 2002-2003 (appended listing with subgroup categories)
were reviewed by the Foundation Workgroup Chairs and the Chairs of FEC and
UgC. Having already been approved
through rigorous review of all involved committees, the operative question for
these Clusters was what "sub-categories" in the new GE would they now
fulfill. Cluster courses will be
credited to three sub-categories, usually cutting across two foundations; will
fulfill the requirement that 1 out of 10 courses must be a "seminar";
and will fulfill the College's Writing II.
As recommended by the Writing II Committee, the GE Cluster
fulfillment of Writing II was approved unanimously by the Faculty Executive
Committee at its April 24, 2002, meeting. In addition, the Faculty
Executive Committee took up the recommendation, forwarded last year by the ad
hoc Scientific Inquiry group, that "scores from the College Board
Advance Placement Exams (AP) may not be used to satisfy the 10-course GE
foundation area requirement in the College of Letters and Science." After consultation with potentially affected
departments and discussion with the Workgroups, that motion, applicable
across all Foundation areas and GE courses, was unanimously passed by the FEC
at its meeting of April 24, 2002.
Issues for Further
Consideration
Reflective of the productive
dialogues and debates within each Foundation group, we report on three major
issues requiring further study by relevant Senate Committees or constituted
subcommittees.
1.
Intermediate Language Courses
The Foundation group in Arts and Humanities voted to "bracket"
all submissions involving intermediate languages (level 4, 5 and 6). Not only were submissions variable across
the language departments, but questions were raised about whether a Level 4
course fulfilled the GE principles, a single course in a sequence could be
reunited, a language course constituted skills or foundations of knowledge, a
language-acquisition course engaged (as proposed) social analysis, cultural and
literary, or linguistic analysis, or whether it inherently fostered cultural diversity.
Additional considerations derive from the issue of heritage speakers,
prerequisite requirements, the varying difficulty of languages and script
systems, and the degree to which these courses are designed to foster other
curricular objectives within the majors or for the Education Abroad
curriculum. The Workgroup noted that in
all cases the language departments (French, German, Italian, EALC) submitted
otherwise strong GE courses, often ones designed specifically to introduce
students to art/cinema, literature, history, and culture through
interdisciplinary study. Even though
courses are not approved as GE for freshman admits, the "hold" does
not affect students currently fulfilling GE under the old system, nor is it
anticipated to affect most students until their sophomore year, or to affect
the fulfillment of GE in other Schools (Engineering). This issue will be
revisited through consultation with affected departments and with the
workgroup, with a final recommendation from the FEC.
2.
Quantitative Reasoning and Foundation Courses in Scientific Inquiry
A range of courses in mathematics and statistics submitted in
the foundation area of Scientific Inquiry also fulfill the "basic
skills" College-wide requirement for Quantitative Reasoning. Workgroup members considered whether or not
these courses fulfill the goals for foundations of "science" in the
life and physical fields, or whether they provide functional tools, albeit good
problem-solving skills, that are expected of entering students. The Workgroup recommended that revising
(toughening, in essence) the requirements for Quantitative Reasoning (through
SAT scores, AP, course-fulfillment) needed to be addressed first, and the
discussion of GE status for selected courses and the issue of double-dipping
revisited subsequently. Since
Quantitative Reasoning falls within the College Regulations and would require a
ballot initiative, the FEC proposes to appoint a committee, with
representatives from the Scientific Inquiry Foundation Workgroup, to review and
recommend changes in the Quantitative Reasoning and to respond to the questions
raised about GE accreditation of math and statistics courses in that
context. As with intermediate
languages, the "bracketing" does not affect the GE accreditation of
mathematics courses for students fulfilling requirements under the
"old" GE, and none of the statistics courses (some cross-listed) had
previously been GE.
3.
Cultural Diversity
As reported in the narratives from the Workgroups in Arts and
Humanities and Society and Culture, "diversity" as a criterion or one
principle of GE courses was considered in the assessment and review of
courses. However, the dialogues and
responses in these workgroups did not fully address the broader issues of diversity
across the GE curriculum, the depth and specificity within courses, the
definitions of what constitutes diversity, and how extensively students have
access to courses that reflect, foster, or engage multicultural perspectives. The Undergraduate Council is charged by the
Legislative Resolutions from May 1993 with an annual report on "measures
adopted" to engage all undergraduates in studying "multicultural
interactions" and developing the "ability to analyze complex, multicultural
issues from differing perspectives," including "the development of
new courses, and the revision of existing courses." The on-going College process of GE review
for cultural diversity needs to be coordinated in light of this broader
mandate, which applies as well to other Schools and to Department/IDP
curricula. A jointly appointed
committee, including members from the Workgroups, FEC, and UgC may provide one
such mechanism.
Other issues, such as controlling
for double-dipping with respect to GE-approved Writing II courses that fulfill
both Writing II requirements (basic skills) and a GE Foundation area; the
availability of sufficient seminars to meet the need for "an approved GE
seminar or second Writing II course" (1 out of the 10); the
"allowance" of upper-division courses for an essentially
lower-division foundational/ preparatory curriculum; and the problem of
cross-listed submissions in which there was no consultation with another
(sponsoring) department--these will be referred back to Departments/Programs
when appropriate or brought up for discussion with the FEC, as matters of
interpretation and implementation.
GE Goals and Future Reviews
One of the remaining goals specified by the FEC and
the UgC as an important step forward in GE governance, is to institute a
process of periodic programmatic review, designed to evaluate how successfully
departments have sustained their GE offerings and course quality, how
effectively those courses continue to meet GE principles, and how students have
evaluated their GE experience. In that
light, there are two review functions that will be inaugurated.
1. Within
the College of Letters and Science, GE fulfillment will be tracked with
particular attention to patterns of student curricular choices, timely
fulfillment of GE, enrollment pressures on potentially impacted classes, access
to courses, optimum numbers of seminar and second Writing II offerings,
orientation and on-going College counseling, and regular review of the
guidelines for how to fulfill GE (sometimes called "rules of the
game"). The FEC will receive
annual reports and will, upcoming this May, review the materials prepared for
the Catalog and for freshman orientation.
2. Together
with the FEC and GE Governance Committee, the Undergraduate Council will establish
review guidelines for periodic review and recertification of courses within
each of the Foundation areas. Review of
GE proposed courses, brought forward by Departments in the interim, will remain
as at present under the purview and delegated authorities of the College FEC
and the UgC.
Conclusion
GE foundations of knowledge ask all departments to
bring depth and breadth to the lower-division curriculum, to dedicate a higher
proportion of ladder faculty to these "core" or
"fundamental" courses, and to use innovations to engage students
intellectually in the excited pursuit of research, critical thinking, and
richer analytic models. Overarching in
this pursuit of a reinvigorated GE is the desire to create a curriculum
governed not by a smorgasbord but by articulated principles for courses that
genuinely provide students with foundations of knowledge, methodologies of
inquiry, and diverse perspectives on how human beings think and feel, solve
problems, and express ideas. Although
General Education remains always and inevitably a work-in-progress, we feel
confident that most departments, numerous faculty, and the Academic Senate
committees have taken a long-needed hard look at a curriculum unrevised in
nearly thirty years. We believe that
many of these goals have been achieved, but only the actual teaching of GE in
the next years will determine whether we have succeeded in creating a seachange
of student culture and how we can still "do" general education
better. We anticipate change, and we
know that departments will continue to refine and redefine their own
commitments to lower-division undergraduate instruction.
No reform of this magnitude, undertaken under the
necessity of short timelines, would be successful without the support from the
College of Letters and Science academic administration. Vice Provost Judi Smith has coordinated the
College efforts, along with Lucy Blackmar, Director of Undergraduate
Educational Initiatives. Each Workgroup
has drawn on the expertise of Academic Instructional Coordinators Jeffrey
Decker (Arts and Humanities), Gregory Kendrick (Society and Culture), and Sally
Gibbons (Scientific Inquiry), and all of us owe a debt of gratitude to Angie
Hamner, Administrative Specialist, who has been in the thick of it. As we proceed to the next stage, which
includes follow-up with departments and incorporation of the new guidelines for
fulfilling GE into the Orientation Program (and literature) for incoming
freshman, these good folks will pick up where the faculty labor has left off. As envisioned above, the continuing
processes of approval will revert to the GE Governance Committee, FEC, and UgC,
while the ongoing efforts to address the outstanding issues will call back into
"service" many of the now GE-savvy Foundation faculty. Were David Rodes not more deliciously
occupied in London, he would be here to garner well-deserved congratulations
for having chaired the GE Governance Committee and guided the College in its
efforts to make General Education a hallmark of UCLA's undergraduate
experience. Present in spirit and
having granted his "signature authority," he requested that I submit
this summary report and the slate of GE courses as a joint request and with the
strongest possible recommendation for approval by the Undergraduate Council.
Sincerely
yours,
Karen
E. Rowe, Chair
Faculty
Executive Committee
College
of Letters and Science
David
Rodes, Chair
GE
Governance Committee
Cc: Brian C. Copenhaver, Provost
Judith L. Smith, Vice Provost for
Undergraduate Education
Tony Chan, Dean, Physical Sciences
Fred Eiserling, Dean, Life Sciences
Scott Waugh, Dean, Social Sciences
Pauline Yu, Dean, Humanities
Lucy Blackmar, Director, Undergraduate
Educational Initiatives
Linda Mohr, Coordinator, Undergraduate Council
These are other items, ones that I didn't
necessarily include, but feel are part of a "full" submittal, and
that (in the second case) raise the issue about the Writing II courses for
Writing and for GE. Obviously, at the
CC, what I would do would be to highlight, but the record would be here as
"historical". I'm a tad off
my usual facility with language, for some reason, and I recall memos I've
written in the process of the GE review that seem to me more vitally engaged
and reflective of some of the issues.
But, alas, we need something judicious, and I hope this hits the right
note.
One other clutch of courses, specifically three to
be taught for Fall 2002, from the Professional School Seminar Program, were
vetted by Otto Santa Ana, Karen Rowe, and Ray Knapp, to be presented for UgC
approval. Collegium of University
Fellows (CUTF) courses, although reviewed by the faculty committee under Nick
Entrikin and on which Ray Knapp sits, will be presented later this Spring to
the GE, FEC and UgC for approval, according to the usual process.
3. Writing II and GE Fulfillment
None of the College-wide requirements governing
foreign languages, quantitative reasoning, or Writing I and Writing II changed,
and students are still responsible for fulfilling 26 total units. Within the ten-course (minimum of 48 units)
GE Foundation curriculum, students must take one "approved lower division
seminar or second Writing II course in an appropriate foundational
area." This "one out of
ten" requirement insured one goal of the new GE which was to expose
students to "best practices in education" that emphasize small-group
learning models as well as intensified writing experiences. The Arts and Humanities Workgroup has
approved GE Writing II courses that will permit fulfillment of this
"second" course, but there have been questions raised
(administratively) about the ways of distinguishing the requirements on the
DPR, the backlog demand on Writing II, and how to accommodate increased
enrollments. However, Arts and
Humanities faculty felt strongly that "double-dipping," which might
allow a single Writing II course (ones taught primarily as writing across the
disciplines) to "count" for both "basic skills" and GE in
"cultural and literary analysis," would displace an array of richly
conceptualized foundation courses that Departments regularly offer as ways of
introducing students to disciplinary methods in the study of literatures and
languages. Both by regulation and the
intent of the General Education principles, students are expected, therefore,
to complete their Writing II requirement, thereby strengthening their basic
skills, and to fulfill, independently and via another selected course, a
"seminar or second Writing II" GE requirement in an appropriate
foundation sub-category. The College is
preparing Orientation materials to be brought forward at the May meeting, in
which student pathways to fulfillment of Writing II and the GE requirements
will be mapped out clearly.